Epidemiology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Epidemiology - Research Paper Example Technical and financial amenities by developed countries are available for use to prevent resurgence of this infectious disease. The people who do not want to follow preventive education are the most vulnerable to risk factors. To reduce the enormous global burden and long-term goal of better control of this communicable disease, there is a need for international surveillance. The pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis is responsible for tuberculosis (TB). The person carrying the dormant tuberculosis germs is prone to tuberculosis, if the germs become active and multiply. ‘Latent TB infection’ (O’Donoghue, 2006), is the dormant state of infection in the body. Those with latent infection can easily transfer the disease to another person through contact. Ease of infection of this airborne disease is caused by exposure to infected droplet nuclei. It spreads through activities such as cough, sneeze, laugh, singing, etc. of the disease-carrying person. Approximate estimated figures show that the incidence of TB effects around 33% of world population. Reports show that about nine million people can suffer from tuberculosis disease in a year. Resource-limited countries have the highest prevalence of the disease and because it has not yet been completely uprooted, the chances of outbreak of the disease in other countries including the U.S. cannot be (LoBue, Sizemore, & Castro, 2009). In the â€Å"primary tuberculosis†, the patient can recover completely. This cured person still contains noninfectious, but live mycobacterium. This ‘primary inactive tuberculosis’ could follow one of the three paths in the future. It might remain inactive throughout the life span of the infected person, or it might develop into ‘active tuberculosis’ from its own infection, or the same person might get exposed to new infection called ‘reinfection tuberculosis’ (Jekel, Katz & Elmore, 2001). HIV infected individuals